When you have to test operational quality of different pressure units or pipe systems, there are several different techniques. One of the most commonly used processes is hydro testing. It is used every time when system was out of order for some time, for repairing or for any other reason, or as a regular checkup of different systems and pressure devices.
This is fully nondestructive testing that will check the performances of particular unit. It can be done only when this equipment is not running and the system is shut down. The whole point is to check the unit for any leaks or other flaws that may cause the failure or need any type of repairs before placing the equipment into normal operating state.
When it comes to different pipelines, the system should be first totally emptied, and all natural gas, oil or other substances removed. After that, the pipeline should be mechanically cleaned and vented. The whole system is then filled with water, and this process removes all the remains of air held within. After that, the pressure that exceeds the designed pressure limit of this pipeline is applied.
In this particular process, the pressure used for testing should be approximately 50 percent higher than the pressure this pipeline is designed for. This pressure should remain for some time, until the official persons visually check the unit for cracks or leakages. In some cases, fluorescent dyes may also be used, to ease the procedure and to make it possible to find the origin of leaks.
Once everything is checked, the water leaves the pipes. It's important to vent the pipes and that they are perfectly dry before they can be filled with oil, gas or whatever they suppose to carry. The water may cause corrosion, and needs to be removed entirely. Different liquids may have different properties.
Small vessels, cylinders and similar equipment and units are tested using different methods. There are three main types that are used, and some are more applicable for particular purposes. Direct expansion method is normally used for testing the pressure vessels. In this process, the vessel should be filled with water, and then the pressure is applied, for designated amount of time. Resulting expelled water is measured for testing results.
The second method is similar, but the vessel filled with water is first loaded into a sealed chamber, so called test jacked. This is why this method is called water jacket method. While in the sealed chamber, the vessel is pressurized. The applied pressure forces some amount of water out from the chamber, and the water that is expelled is measured to find out total expansion.
When this process is over, the vessel should shrink to its original size. If it doesn't shrink back totally, the difference between sizes will tell you if the vessel needs the service. The pressure method is used in cases when measuring this difference is not so important, or required by various laws. In this case, the unit is only checked for leaks or wall thinning that may be causes of failure.
This is fully nondestructive testing that will check the performances of particular unit. It can be done only when this equipment is not running and the system is shut down. The whole point is to check the unit for any leaks or other flaws that may cause the failure or need any type of repairs before placing the equipment into normal operating state.
When it comes to different pipelines, the system should be first totally emptied, and all natural gas, oil or other substances removed. After that, the pipeline should be mechanically cleaned and vented. The whole system is then filled with water, and this process removes all the remains of air held within. After that, the pressure that exceeds the designed pressure limit of this pipeline is applied.
In this particular process, the pressure used for testing should be approximately 50 percent higher than the pressure this pipeline is designed for. This pressure should remain for some time, until the official persons visually check the unit for cracks or leakages. In some cases, fluorescent dyes may also be used, to ease the procedure and to make it possible to find the origin of leaks.
Once everything is checked, the water leaves the pipes. It's important to vent the pipes and that they are perfectly dry before they can be filled with oil, gas or whatever they suppose to carry. The water may cause corrosion, and needs to be removed entirely. Different liquids may have different properties.
Small vessels, cylinders and similar equipment and units are tested using different methods. There are three main types that are used, and some are more applicable for particular purposes. Direct expansion method is normally used for testing the pressure vessels. In this process, the vessel should be filled with water, and then the pressure is applied, for designated amount of time. Resulting expelled water is measured for testing results.
The second method is similar, but the vessel filled with water is first loaded into a sealed chamber, so called test jacked. This is why this method is called water jacket method. While in the sealed chamber, the vessel is pressurized. The applied pressure forces some amount of water out from the chamber, and the water that is expelled is measured to find out total expansion.
When this process is over, the vessel should shrink to its original size. If it doesn't shrink back totally, the difference between sizes will tell you if the vessel needs the service. The pressure method is used in cases when measuring this difference is not so important, or required by various laws. In this case, the unit is only checked for leaks or wall thinning that may be causes of failure.
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